Precision and understanding of ant behavior key to effective baiting

Mel Whitson

Ant baiting is a cornerstone of professional pest management, requiring precision and understanding of ant behavior. To achieve optimal results, follow these key principles:

• Understand species behavior. Identifying the ant species is crucial, as dietary preferences and nesting habits vary widely. Protein-preferring species, like pavement ants (Tetramorium immigrans), require different baits than sugar-loving species, like Argentine ants (Linepithema humile), for example.
• Place bait strategically. Focus on foraging trails, near entry points and around nesting sites. Ants follow pheromone trails, so targeting these pathways maximizes bait pickup.
• Use appropriate bait formulations. Offer a variety of bait forms (gel, liquid, granular) to match dietary needs and environmental conditions. Ensure baits contain slow-acting AIs and an insect growth regulator (IGR), allowing ants to share the bait within the colony.
• Avoid Interference. Minimize the use of potential repellents near bait placements, as these disrupt pheromone trails and reduce bait effectiveness.
• Monitor and adjust. Regularly inspect bait stations to assess activity. Replenish baits as needed to maintain the efficacy.

Follow a three-step process:

1. Prebait with non-toxic bait to assess the foraging preferences of the ant populations.
2. Rotate AIs or use multiple AIs to keep resistance from developing.
3. Target seasonal cycles by focusing baiting efforts during peak foraging months in spring and summer.